Cameroon - CM - CMR - CMR - Africa

chief of mission: Ambassador Christopher J. LAMORA (since 21 March 2022)

embassy: Avenue Rosa Parks, Yaoundé

mailing address: 2520 Yaounde Place, Washington, DC  20521-2520

telephone: [237] 22251-4000

FAX: [237] 22251-4000, Ext. 4531

email address and website:
YaoundeACS@state.gov

https://cm.usembassy.gov/

branch office(s): Douala

0-14 years: 41.5% (male 6,477,438/female 6,364,987)

15-64 years: 55.3% (male 8,488,522/female 8,638,519)

65 years and over: 3.2% (2024 est.) (male 463,628/female 533,011)

6 00 N, 12 00 E

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female

total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

slightly larger than California; about four times the size of Pennsylvania

18-24 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; no conscription; high school graduation required; service obligation 4 years (2024)

Powerful chiefdoms ruled much of the area of present-day Cameroon before it became a German colony known as Kamerun in 1884. After World War I, the territory was divided between France and the UK as League of Nations mandates. French Cameroon became independent in 1960 as the Republic of Cameroon. The following year, the southern portion of neighboring British Cameroon voted to merge with the new country to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon. In 1972, a new constitution replaced the federation with a unitary state, the United Republic of Cameroon. The country has generally enjoyed stability, which has enabled the development of agriculture, roads, and railways, as well as a petroleum industry. Nonetheless, unrest and violence in the country's two western, English-speaking regions have persisted since 2016. Movement toward democratic reform is slow, and political power remains firmly in the hands of President Paul BIYA.

waterborne diseases are prevalent; deforestation and overgrazing result in erosion, desertification, and reduced quality of pastureland; poaching; overfishing; overhunting

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban

1% of GDP (2023 est.)
1% of GDP (2022 est.)
1% of GDP (2021 est.)
1% of GDP (2020 est.)
1.4% of GDP (2019 est.)

37.5% (2014 est.)

note: % of population with income below national poverty line

lowest 10%: 2.1% (2021 est.)

highest 10%: 31.1% (2021 est.)

note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

crude petroleum, natural gas, gold, cocoa beans, wood (2023)

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Netherlands 21%, France 14%, UAE 13%, India 9%, China 8% (2023)

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

10 regions (regions, singular - region); Adamaoua, Centre, East (Est), Far North (Extrême-Nord), Littoral, North (Nord), North-West (Nord-Ouest), West (Ouest), South (Sud), South-West (Sud-Ouest)

cassava, plantains, oil palm fruit, maize, taro, tomatoes, sorghum, sugarcane, bananas, vegetables (2023)

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Cameroon Armed Forces (Forces Armees Camerounaises, FAC): Army (L'Armee de Terre), Navy (Marine Nationale Republique, MNR, includes naval infantry or fusiliers marin), Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Cameroun, AAC), National Gendarmerie (Gendamerie Nationale, GN), National Firefighting Corps (Corps National de Sapeurs-Pompiers, CNSP), Presidential Guard (Garde Présidentielle du Cameroun, GP)

General Delegation for National Security (Délégation Générale à la Sûreté Nationale or DGSN): Cameroon Police (2024)

note 1: the Army includes the Rapid Intervention Brigade (Brigade d’Intervention Rapide or BIR), which maintains its own command and control structure and reports directly to the Chief of Defense staff and the Presidency; the BIR includes airborne/airmobile, amphibious, armored reconnaissance, artillery, and counterterrorism forces, as well as support elements, such as intelligence 

note 2: the Cameroon Police and the National Gendarmerie are responsible for internal security; the Gendarmerie conducts administrative, criminal, and military investigative functions; other missions include customs, air and maritime surveillance, and road traffic control; in times of conflict, it participates in internal defense

revenues: $6.385 billion (2021 est.)

expenditures: $5.592 billion (2021 est.)

note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

name: Yaounde

geographic coordinates: 3 52 N, 11 31 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: Germans founded the city in 1888, but the name comes from the native Ewondo people; the meaning of the name is unclear

garments, refined petroleum, plastic products, wheat, rice (2023)

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north

402 km

history: several previous; latest effective 18 January 1996

amendment process: proposed by the president of the republic or by Parliament; amendment drafts require approval of at least one third of the membership in either house of Parliament; passage requires absolute majority vote of the Parliament membership; passage of drafts requested by the president for a second reading in Parliament requires two-thirds majority vote of its membership; the president can opt to submit drafts to a referendum, in which case passage requires a simple majority; constitutional articles on Cameroon’s unity and territorial integrity and its democratic principles cannot be amended

Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -

Exchange rates:
606.57 (2023 est.)
623.76 (2022 est.)
554.531 (2021 est.)
575.586 (2020 est.)
585.911 (2019 est.)

chief of state: President Paul BIYA (since 6 November 1982)

head of government: Prime Minister Joseph NGUTE (since 4 January 2019)

cabinet: Cabinet proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president

elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 7-year term (no term limits); election last held on 7 October 2018 (next to be held in October 2025); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
2018: Paul BIYA reelected president; percent of vote - Paul BIYA (CPDM) 71.3%, Maurice KAMTO (MRC) 14.2%, Cabral LIBII (Univers) 6.3%, other 8.2%

2011: Paul BIYA reelected president; percent of vote - Paul BIYA (CPDM) 78.0%, John FRU NDI (SDF) 10.7%, Garga Haman ADJI 3.2%, other 8.1% (2018)

three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), red, and yellow, with a yellow five-pointed star centered in the red band; the vertical tricolor recalls the flag of France; red symbolizes unity, yellow the sun, happiness, and the savannahs in the north, and green hope and the forests in the south; the star is referred to as the "star of unity"

note: uses the popular Pan-African colors of Ethiopia

1 January 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)

petroleum production and refining, aluminum production, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber, ship repair

highest court(s): Supreme Court of Cameroon (consists of 9 titular and 6 surrogate judges and organized into judicial, administrative, and audit chambers); Constitutional Council (consists of 11 members)

judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president with the advice of the Higher Judicial Council of Cameroon, a body chaired by the president and includes the minister of justice, selected magistrates, and representatives of the National Assembly; judge term NA; Constitutional Council members appointed by the president for renewable 6-year terms

subordinate courts: Parliamentary Court of Justice (jurisdiction limited to cases involving the president and prime minister); appellate and first instance courts; circuit and magistrates' courts

total: 5,018 km

border countries (6): Central African Republic 901 km; Chad 1,116 km; Republic of the Congo 494 km; Equatorial Guinea 183 km; Gabon 349 km; Nigeria 1975 km

agricultural land: 20.6% (2022 est.)

arable land: 13.1% (2022 est.)

permanent crops: 3.3% (2022 est.)

permanent pasture: 4.2% (2022 est.)

forest: 42.8% (2022 est.)

other: 36.6% (2022 est.)

mixed legal system of English common law, French civil law, and customary law

legislature name: Parlement - Parliament

legislative structure: bicameral

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 77.1%

male: 82.6%

female: 71.6% (2018)

territorial sea: 12 nm

contiguous zone: 24 nm

ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, C, CEMAC, EITI (compliant country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

State Unification Day (National Day), 20 May (1972)

noun: Cameroonian(s)

adjective: Cameroonian

petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber, hydropower

sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa because of its central location on the continent and its position at the west-south juncture of the Gulf of Guinea; throughout the country there are areas of thermal springs and indications of current or prior volcanic activity; Mount Cameroon, the highest mountain in Sub-Saharan west Africa, is an active volcano

largest CEMAC economy with many natural resources; recent political instability and terrorism reducing economic output; systemic corruption; poor property rights enforcement; increasing poverty in northern regions

Alliance for Democracy and Development 
Cameroon People's Democratic Movement or CPDM 
Cameroon People's Party or CPP 
Cameroon Renaissance Movement or MRC 
Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC 
Cameroonian Party for National Reconciliation or PCRN 
Front for the National Salvation of Cameroon or FSNC 
Movement for the Defense of the Republic or MDR 
Movement for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC 
National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP 
Progressive Movement or MP 
Social Democratic Front or SDF 
Union of Peoples of Cameroon or UPC 
Union of Socialist Movements 

total: 987 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 987 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge

note: railway connections generally efficient but limited; rail lines connect major cities of Douala, Yaounde, Ngaoundere, and Garoua; passenger and freight service provided by CAMRAIL

20 years of age; universal

general assessment: Cameroon was for many years one of the few countries in Africa with only two competing mobile operators; the investment programs among operators over the next few years aims to considerably boost mobile broadband services in rural areas of the country, many of which are under served by fixed-line infrastructure; the government has also been supportive, having launched its ‘Cameroon Digital 2020’ program, aimed at improving connectivity nationally; improved submarine and terrestrial cable connectivity has substantially increased international bandwidth, in turn leading to reductions in access prices for consumers; other projects such as Acceleration of the Digital Transformation of Cameroon are aimed at developing the digital economy (2022)

domestic: only a little above 3 per 100 persons for fixed-line subscriptions; mobile-cellular usage has increased sharply, reaching a subscribership base of roughly 83 per 100 persons (2021)

international: country code - 237; landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, SAIL, ACE, NCSCS, Ceiba-2, and WACS fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe, South America, and West Africa; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)

diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north

presidential republic

conventional long form: Republic of Cameroon

conventional short form: Cameroon

local long form: République du Cameroun (French)/Republic of Cameroon (English)

local short form: Cameroun/Cameroon

former: Kamerun, French Cameroon, British Cameroon, Federal Republic of Cameroon, United Republic of Cameroon

etymology: in the 16th century, Portuguese explorers named an estuary near the mouth of the Wouri River the Rio dos Camaroes (River of Prawns) after the abundant shrimp in the water; the name Camaroes evolved into "Cameroon"

Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria

Africa

290 sq km (2012)

chief of mission: Ambassador Henri ETOUNDI ESSOMBA (since 27 June 2016)

chancery: 2349 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone: [1] (202) 265-8790

FAX: [1] (202) 387-3826

email address and website:
mail@cameroonembassyusa

Cameroon Embassy in Washington DC, USA (cameroonembassyusa.org)

percent of population: 44% (2022 est.)

.cm

refugees (country of origin): 354,725 (Central African Republic), 121,172 (Nigeria) (2024)

IDPs: 1.066 million (2023) (includes far north, northwest, and southwest)

$49.279 billion (2023 est.)

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

Fitch rating: B (2006)

Moody's rating: B2 (2016)

Standard & Poors rating: B- (2020)

note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained.

283.15 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)

total: 12 years

male: 13 years

female: 11 years (2016)

urban population: 59.3% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 3.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

government maintains tight control over broadcast media; state-owned Cameroon Radio Television (CRTV), broadcasting on both a TV and radio network, was the only officially recognized and fully licensed broadcaster until August 2007, when the government issued licenses to 2 private TV broadcasters and 1 private radio broadcaster; about 70 privately owned, unlicensed radio stations operate under “administrative tolerance,” meaning the stations could be subject to closure at any time (2019)

improved:

urban: 95.1% of population

rural: 56.2% of population

total: 78.6% of population

unimproved:

urban: 4.9% of population

rural: 43.8% of population

total: 21.4% of population (2020 est.)

name: "O Cameroun, Berceau de nos Ancetres" (O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers)

lyrics/music: Rene Djam AFAME, Samuel Minkio BAMBA, Moise Nyatte NKO'O [French], Benard Nsokika FONLON [English]/Rene Djam AFAME

note: adopted 1957; Cameroon's anthem, also known as "Chant de Ralliement" (The Rallying Song), has been used unofficially since 1948 and officially adopted in 1957; the anthem has French and English versions whose lyrics differ

4.509 million YAOUNDE (capital), 4.063 million Douala (2023)

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; non-party state to the ICCt

0.14 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

1.3 beds/1,000 population

lion; national colors: green, red, yellow

20.1 years (2018 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

19.3% (2018)

household consumption: 73.9% (2023 est.)

government consumption: 10.6% (2023 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 19.1% (2023 est.)

investment in inventories: 0.4% (2023 est.)

exports of goods and services: 16.6% (2023 est.)

imports of goods and services: -20.6% (2023 est.)

note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

total dependency ratio: 80.8 (2024 est.)

youth dependency ratio: 75 (2024 est.)

elderly dependency ratio: 5.8 (2024 est.)

potential support ratio: 17.2 (2024 est.)

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cameroon

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

population concentrated in the west and north, with the interior of the country sparsely populated as shown in this population distribution map

electrification - total population: 71% (2022 est.)

electrification - urban areas: 94%

electrification - rural areas: 25%

TJ

improved:

urban: 83.2% of population

rural: 27.7% of population

total: 59.7% of population

unimproved:

urban: 16.8% of population

rural: 72.3% of population

total: 40.3% of population (2020 est.)

Bamileke-Bamu 22.2%, Biu-Mandara 16.4%, Arab-Choa/Hausa/Kanuri 13.5%, Beti/Bassa, Mbam 13.1%, Grassfields 9.9%, Adamawa-Ubangi, 9.8%, Cotier/Ngoe/Oroko 4.6%, Southwestern Bantu 4.3%, Kako/Meka 2.3%, foreign/other ethnic group 3.8% (2022 est.)

Roman Catholic 33.1%, Muslim 30.6%, Protestant 27.1% other Christian 6.1%, animist 1.3%, other 0.7%, none 1.2% (2022 est.)

24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official)

major-language sample(s):
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. (English)

The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French)

China 43%, France 6%, India 6%, Belgium 4%, UAE 4% (2023)

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

highest point: Fako on Mont Cameroun 4,045 m

lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

mean elevation: 667 m

3.8% of GDP (2021)

the FAC ground forces (Army and the Rapid Intervention Battalion) are largely focused on internal security, particularly the threat from the terrorist groups Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa along its frontiers with Nigeria and Chad (Far North region) and, since 2016, an insurgency from armed Anglophone separatist groups in the North-West and South-West regions; in addition, the FAC often deploys ground units to the border region with the Central African Republic to counter intrusions from armed militias and bandits; the Navy’s missions include protecting Cameroon’s oil installations, combatting crime and piracy in the Gulf of Guinea, and patrolling the country’s lakes and rivers; the FAC's small Air Force supports both the ground and naval forces (2024)

information varies; approximately 40-45,000 active-duty FAC troops, including about 10-12,000 BIR; approximately 10,000 Gendarmerie (2023)

the FAC inventory is comprised of weapons and equipment from a variety of countries, including China, Israel, Russia/former Soviet Union, South Africa, the US, and some Western European countries, particularly France (2024)

750 (plus about 350 police) Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (2024)

note: Cameroon has committed approximately 2,000-2,500 troops to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram and other terrorist groups operating in the general area of the Lake Chad Basin and along Nigeria's northeast border; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own country territories, although cross‐border operations occur occasionally

Terrorist group(s): Boko Haram; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham – West Africa

note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

severe localized food insecurity: due to civil insecurity, high food prices, and floods - according to a November 2022 analysis (the latest available), about 3.6 million people were estimated to be acutely food insecure between October and December 2022, as a result of conflict, sociopolitical unrest and high food prices, as well as floods that caused people displacements, damaged standing crops and prevented access to fields (2023)

municipal: 250 million cubic meters (2020 est.)

industrial: 100 million cubic meters (2020 est.)

agricultural: 740 million cubic meters (2020 est.)

municipal solid waste generated annually: 3,270,617 tons (2013 est.)

municipal solid waste recycled annually: 13,082 tons (2009 est.)

percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 0.4% (2009 est.)

on food: 45.8% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

on alcohol and tobacco: 2.9% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

particulate matter emissions: 56.37 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

carbon dioxide emissions: 8.29 megatons (2016 est.)

methane emissions: 30.71 megatons (2020 est.)

total World Heritage Sites: 2 (both natural)

selected World Heritage Site locales: Dja Faunal Reserve; Sangha Trinational Forest

Lake Chad Basin

Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), Niger (2,261,741 sq km)
Internal (endorheic basin) drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)

fresh water lake(s): Lake Chad (endorheic lake shared with Niger, Nigeria, and Chad) - 10,360-25,900 sq km
note - area varies by season and year to year

women married by age 15: 10.7%

women married by age 18: 29.8%

men married by age 18: 2.9% (2018 est.)

imports: 300 metric tons (2023 est.)

fossil fuels: 36.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

solar: 0.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

hydroelectricity: 63.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

biomass and waste: 0.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

production: 2.356 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

consumption: 534.691 million cubic meters (2023 est.)

exports: 1.821 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

proven reserves: 135.071 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

total petroleum production: 64,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

refined petroleum consumption: 41,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

crude oil estimated reserves: 200 million barrels (2021 est.)

2.19 (2024 est.)

54.2% (2023 est.)

1.18% of GDP (2023 est.)
1.27% of GDP (2022 est.)
0.96% of GDP (2021 est.)

note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

total ports: 7 (2024)

large: 0

medium: 1

small: 0

very small: 5

size unknown: 1

ports with oil terminals: 5

key ports: Douala, Ebome Marine Terminal, Kole Oil Terminal, Kome Kribi 1 Marine Terminal, Kribi Deep Sea Port, Limboh Terminal, Moudi Marine Terminal

chamber name: National Assembly (Assemblée nationale - National Assembly)

number of seats: 180 (all directly elected)

electoral system: proportional representation

scope of elections: full renewal

term in office: 5 years

most recent election date: 2/9/2020 to 3/22/2020

parties elected and seats per party: Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (RDPC/CPDM) (152); Other (28)

percentage of women in chamber: 33.9%

expected date of next election: March 2026

chamber name: Senate (Sénat - Senate)

number of seats: 100 (70 indirectly elected; 30 appointed)

scope of elections: full renewal

term in office: 5 years

most recent election date: 3/12/2023

percentage of women in chamber: 33%

expected date of next election: March 2027

11.89 million (2023 est.)

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

total: 6.4% (2023 est.)

male: 6% (2023 est.)

female: 7% (2023 est.)

note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

-0.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

total: 18.9 years (2024 est.)

male: 18.6 years

female: 19.2 years

$11.811 billion (2023 est.)

note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

438 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

$5.133 billion (2022 est.)
$4.3 billion (2021 est.)
$3.962 billion (2020 est.)

note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

36.9% of GDP (2017 est.)

4.44 children born/woman (2024 est.)

3.65% (2023 est.)
3.69% (2022 est.)
3.95% (2021 est.)

note: % of labor force seeking employment

total: 30,966,105 (2024 est.)

male: 15,429,588

female: 15,536,517

6.707 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

from coal and metallurgical coke: 200 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

from petroleum and other liquids: 5.658 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

from consumed natural gas: 1.049 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

total : 475,440 sq km

land: 472,710 sq km

water: 2,730 sq km

11.34% (of GDP) (2021 est.)

note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

$138.191 billion (2023 est.)
$133.843 billion (2022 est.)
$129.022 billion (2021 est.)

note: data in 2021 dollars

37 (2025)

total: 46.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)

male: 50.8 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 41.3 deaths/1,000 live births

total subscriptions: 26.2 million (2023 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 83 (2022 est.)

42.2 (2021 est.)

note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

7.38% (2023 est.)
6.25% (2022 est.)
2.27% (2021 est.)

note: annual % change based on consumer prices

-$1.505 billion (2022 est.)
-$1.794 billion (2021 est.)
-$1.512 billion (2020 est.)

note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

$4,900 (2023 est.)
$4,800 (2022 est.)
$4,800 (2021 est.)

note: data in 2021 dollars

total: 603,000 (2022 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2022 est.)

total: 7.3% (2020 est.)

male: 13.2% (2020 est.)

female: 1.4% (2020 est.)

11.4% (2016)

4.271 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

7.4 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

34.7 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

installed generating capacity: 1.798 million kW (2023 est.)

consumption: 6.161 billion kWh (2023 est.)

imports: 60 million kWh (2023 est.)

transmission/distribution losses: 2.238 billion kWh (2023 est.)

total: 198 (2023)

by type: bulk carrier 2, general cargo 91, oil tanker 42, other 63

11% (2018/19)

$9.759 billion (2022 est.)
$9.025 billion (2021 est.)
$7.212 billion (2020 est.)

note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

$8.641 billion (2022 est.)
$7.447 billion (2021 est.)
$6.124 billion (2020 est.)

note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

1 (2025)

total subscriptions: 896,000 (2022 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2022 est.)

total: 4.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

beer: 2.36 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

wine: 0.16 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

spirits: 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

other alcohols: 1.56 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

total population: 64.2 years (2024 est.)

male: 62.3 years

female: 66.1 years

3.25% (2023 est.)
3.74% (2022 est.)
3.34% (2021 est.)

note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

-0.41% (2023 est.)

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

agriculture: 17.3% (2023 est.)

industry: 25.5% (2023 est.)

services: 50.2% (2023 est.)

note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

2.5% of GDP (2018 est.)

0% of GDP (2018 est.)

3.2% of GDP (2020 est.)

2.71% (2024 est.)