San Marino - SM - SMR - SMR - Europe
Last updated: April 10, 2024
San Marino Images
With an area of just 61 sq km (23.5 sq mi), San Marino is the third-smallest country in Europe, behind Monaco and the Holy See. Located in the northern part of the Italian Peninsula, near the Adriatic Sea, this tiny nation is surrounded by Italy.This satellite picture of San Marino shows a combination of vegetation (bright green); and buildings, pavement, and bare rock (blue-gray to white). Purplish-gray polygons are probably fallow agricultural land. Overhead, fluffy white clouds cast their charcoal-colored shadows over the land surface. The Apennine Mountains give the region a rough terrain, and the limestone Monte Titano dominates the area, with a fort perched on each of the mountain's three summits. According to legend, San Marino is the world's oldest surviving republic, dating back to 301. The original city sits atop Monte Titano. Today, however, development has spread throughout the republic, evidenced by the many areas of blue-gray and the meandering roads. Tourism has brought prosperity to this small republic, but historically, its rugged terrain and lack of wealth may have helped it escape the unwanted attention of potential invaders. Image courtesy of NASA.
With an area of just 61 sq km (23.5 sq mi), San Marino is the third-smallest country in Europe, behind Monaco and the Holy See. Located in the northern part of the Italian Peninsula, near the Adriatic Sea, this tiny nation is surrounded by Italy.This satellite picture of San Marino shows a combination of vegetation (bright green); and buildings, pavement, and bare rock (blue-gray to white). Purplish-gray polygons are probably fallow agricultural land. Overhead, fluffy white clouds cast their charcoal-colored shadows over the land surface. The Apennine Mountains give the region a rough terrain, and the limestone Monte Titano dominates the area, with a fort perched on each of the mountain's three summits. According to legend, San Marino is the world's oldest surviving republic, dating back to 301. The original city sits atop Monte Titano. Today, however, development has spread throughout the republic, evidenced by the many areas of blue-gray and the meandering roads. Tourism has brought prosperity to this small republic, but historically, its rugged terrain and lack of wealth may have helped it escape the unwanted attention of potential invaders. Image courtesy of NASA.
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San Marino Factbook Data
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Jack Markell (since September 2023); note - also accredited to Italy
embassy: the United States does not have an Embassy in San Marino; the US Ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino, and the US Consulate General in Florence maintains day-to-day ties
embassy: the United States does not have an Embassy in San Marino; the US Ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino, and the US Consulate General in Florence maintains day-to-day ties
Age structure
0-14 years: 14.34% (male 2,615/female 2,388)
15-64 years: 64.58% (male 10,906/female 11,628)
65 years and over: 21.08% (2023 est.) (male 3,329/female 4,026)
15-64 years: 64.58% (male 10,906/female 11,628)
65 years and over: 21.08% (2023 est.) (male 3,329/female 4,026)
This is the population pyramid for San Marino. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends.
For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page.
For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page.
Geographic coordinates
43 46 N, 12 25 E
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female
total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2023 est.)
0-14 years: 1.1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female
total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2023 est.)
Natural hazards
occasional earthquakes
Area - comparative
about one-third the size of Washington, DC
about one-third the size of Washington, DC
Military service age and obligation
18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription; government has the authority to call up all San Marino citizens from 16-60 years of age to serve in the military (2024)
Background
Geographically the third-smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named MARINUS in A.D. 301. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of the EU; although it is not a member, it negotiated an Association Agreement that will allow participation in the EU’s internal market and cooperation in other policy areas. Social and political trends in the republic track closely with those of its larger neighbor, Italy.
Environment - current issues
air pollution; urbanization decreasing rural farmlands; water shortage
Environment - international agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
Population below poverty line
NA
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA
Exports - commodities
industrial washing/bottling machinery, packaged medicines, woodworking machinery, foodstuffs, aircraft (2019)
Administrative divisions
9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle
Agricultural products
wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
Military and security forces
Military Corps (National Guard): Guard of the Rock (or Fortress Guard), Uniformed Militia, Guard of the Great and General Council, Corps of the Gendarmerie
Ministry of Internal Affairs: Civil Police Corps (2024)
note: the captains regent oversees the Gendarmerie and National Guard when they are performing duties related to public order and security; the Ministry of Foreign Affairs exercises control over such administrative functions as personnel and equipment, and the courts exercise control over the Gendarmerie when it acts as judicial police
Ministry of Internal Affairs: Civil Police Corps (2024)
note: the captains regent oversees the Gendarmerie and National Guard when they are performing duties related to public order and security; the Ministry of Foreign Affairs exercises control over such administrative functions as personnel and equipment, and the courts exercise control over the Gendarmerie when it acts as judicial police
Budget
revenues: $371 million (2019 est.)
expenditures: $363 million (2019 est.)
expenditures: $363 million (2019 est.)
Capital
name: San Marino (city)
geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: named after Saint MARINUS, who in A.D. 301 founded a monastic settlement around which the city and later the state of San Marino coalesced
geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: named after Saint MARINUS, who in A.D. 301 founded a monastic settlement around which the city and later the state of San Marino coalesced
Imports - commodities
electricity, cars, aluminum, footwear, natural gas, iron piping (2019)
Climate
Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Constitution
history: San Marino’s principal legislative instruments consist of old customs (antiche consuetudini), the Statutory Laws of San Marino (Leges Statutae Sancti Marini), old statutes (antichi statute) from the1600s, Brief Notes on the Constitutional Order and Institutional Organs of the Republic of San Marino (Brevi Cenni sull’Ordinamento Costituzionale e gli Organi Istituzionali della Repubblica di San Marino) and successive legislation, chief among them is the Declaration of the Rights of Citizens and Fundamental Principles of the San Marino Legal Order (Dichiarazione dei Diritti dei Cittadini e dei Principi Fondamentali dell’Ordinamento Sammarinese), approved 8 July 1974
amendments: proposed by the Great and General Council; passage requires two-thirds majority Council vote; Council passage by absolute majority vote also requires passage in a referendum; Declaration of Civil Rights amended several times, last in 2019
amendments: proposed by the Great and General Council; passage requires two-thirds majority Council vote; Council passage by absolute majority vote also requires passage in a referendum; Declaration of Civil Rights amended several times, last in 2019
Exchange rates
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Exchange rates:
0.951 (2022 est.)
0.845 (2021 est.)
0.877 (2020 est.)
0.893 (2019 est.)
0.847 (2018 est.)
note: while not an EU member state, San Marino, due to its preexisting monetary and banking agreements with Italy, has a 2000 monetary agreement with the EU to produce limited euro coinage—but not banknotes—that began enforcement in January 2002 and was superseded by a new EU agreement in 2012
Exchange rates:
0.951 (2022 est.)
0.845 (2021 est.)
0.877 (2020 est.)
0.893 (2019 est.)
0.847 (2018 est.)
note: while not an EU member state, San Marino, due to its preexisting monetary and banking agreements with Italy, has a 2000 monetary agreement with the EU to produce limited euro coinage—but not banknotes—that began enforcement in January 2002 and was superseded by a new EU agreement in 2012
Executive branch
chief of state: co-chiefs of state Captains Regent Alessandro ROSSI and Milena GASPERONI (for the period 1 April 2024 - 30 September 2024)
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Luca BECCARI (since 8 January 2020)
cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Grand and General Council
elections/appointments: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 6-month term; election last held in March 2024 (next to be held in September 2024; Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 5-year term; election last held on 28 December 2019 (next to be held by November 2024)
election results: March 2024: Alessandro ROSSI (Free San Marino) and Milena GASPERONI (We for the Republic) elected captains regent; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA
September 2023: Filippo TAMAGNINI and Gaetano TROINA elected captains regent; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA
2019: Luca BECCARI (PDCS) elected Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA
note: the captains regent preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 7 other members who are selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 7 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has some prime ministerial roles
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Luca BECCARI (since 8 January 2020)
cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Grand and General Council
elections/appointments: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 6-month term; election last held in March 2024 (next to be held in September 2024; Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 5-year term; election last held on 28 December 2019 (next to be held by November 2024)
election results: March 2024: Alessandro ROSSI (Free San Marino) and Milena GASPERONI (We for the Republic) elected captains regent; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA
September 2023: Filippo TAMAGNINI and Gaetano TROINA elected captains regent; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA
2019: Luca BECCARI (PDCS) elected Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA
note: the captains regent preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 7 other members who are selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 7 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has some prime ministerial roles
Fiscal year
calendar year
Flag description
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the main colors derive from the shield of the coat of arms, which features three white towers on three peaks on a blue field; the towers represent three castles built on San Marino's highest feature, Mount Titano: Guaita, Cesta, and Montale; the coat of arms is flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty); the white and blue colors are also said to stand for peace and liberty respectively
Independence
3 September 301 (traditional founding date)
Industries
tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII (consists of 12 members); note - the College of Guarantors for the Constitutionality and General Norms functions as San Marino's constitutional court
judge selection and term of office: judges elected by the Grand and General Council from among its own to serve 5-year terms
subordinate courts: first instance and first appeal criminal, administrative, and civil courts; Court for the Trust and Trustee Relations; justices of the peace or conciliatory judges
judge selection and term of office: judges elected by the Grand and General Council from among its own to serve 5-year terms
subordinate courts: first instance and first appeal criminal, administrative, and civil courts; Court for the Trust and Trustee Relations; justices of the peace or conciliatory judges
Land boundaries
total: 37 km
border countries (1): Italy 37 km
border countries (1): Italy 37 km
Land use
agricultural land: 16.7% (2018 est.)
arable land: 16.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)
forest: 0% (2018 est.)
other: 83.3% (2018 est.)
arable land: 16.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)
forest: 0% (2018 est.)
other: 83.3% (2018 est.)
Legal system
civil law system with Italian civil law influences
Legislative branch
description: unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by list proportional representation vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 5-year terms)
elections: last held on 8 December 2019 (next to be held by 31 December 2024)
election results:
percent of vote by party/coalition - PDCS 35%, Tomorrow in Movement coalition 25% (RETE Movement 18.3%, DML 6.7%), Liberia 16.7%, We for the Republic 13.3%, RF 10%; seats by party/coalition - PDCS 21, Tomorrow in Movement coalition 15 (RETE Movement 11, DML 4), Liberia 10, We for the Republic 8, RF 6; composition as of February 2024 - men 41, women 19, percent of women 31.7%
elections: last held on 8 December 2019 (next to be held by 31 December 2024)
election results:
percent of vote by party/coalition - PDCS 35%, Tomorrow in Movement coalition 25% (RETE Movement 18.3%, DML 6.7%), Liberia 16.7%, We for the Republic 13.3%, RF 10%; seats by party/coalition - PDCS 21, Tomorrow in Movement coalition 15 (RETE Movement 11, DML 4), Liberia 10, We for the Republic 8, RF 6; composition as of February 2024 - men 41, women 19, percent of women 31.7%
Maritime claims
none (landlocked)
International organization participation
CE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Schengen Convention (de facto member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
National holiday
Founding of the Republic (or Feast of Saint Marinus), 3 September (A.D. 301)
Nationality
noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Sammarinese
adjective: Sammarinese
Natural resources
building stone
Geography - note
landlocked; an enclave of (completely surrounded by) Italy; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennine Mountains
Economic overview
high-income, non-EU European economy; surrounded by Italy, which is the dominant importer and exporter; open border to EU and a euro user; strong financial sector; high foreign investments; low taxation; increasingly high and risky debt
Political parties and leaders
Domani - Modus Liberi or DML [Lorenzo Forcellini REFFI]
Free San Marino (Libera San Marino) or Libera [Luca BOSCHI]
Future Republic or RF [Mario VENTURINI]
I Elect for a New Republic
Party of Socialists and Democrats or PSD [Paride ANDREOLI]
RETE Movement [Gloria ARCANGELONI]
Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Marco GATTI]
Socialist Party or PS [Alessandro BEVITORI]
Tomorrow in Movement coalition (includes RETE Movement, DML)
We for the Republic [Denise BRONZETTI]
Free San Marino (Libera San Marino) or Libera [Luca BOSCHI]
Future Republic or RF [Mario VENTURINI]
I Elect for a New Republic
Party of Socialists and Democrats or PSD [Paride ANDREOLI]
RETE Movement [Gloria ARCANGELONI]
Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Marco GATTI]
Socialist Party or PS [Alessandro BEVITORI]
Tomorrow in Movement coalition (includes RETE Movement, DML)
We for the Republic [Denise BRONZETTI]
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Telecommunication systems
general assessment: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system (2018)
domestic: fixed-line is 47 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is 119 telephones per 100 persons (2021)
international: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network
domestic: fixed-line is 47 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is 119 telephones per 100 persons (2021)
international: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network
Terrain
rugged mountains
Government type
parliamentary republic
Military - note
defense is the responsibility of Italy
Country name
conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form: San Marino
local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
local short form: San Marino
etymology: named after Saint MARINUS, who in A.D. 301 founded the monastic settlement around which the city and later the state of San Marino coalesced
conventional short form: San Marino
local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
local short form: San Marino
etymology: named after Saint MARINUS, who in A.D. 301 founded the monastic settlement around which the city and later the state of San Marino coalesced
Location
Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Map references
Europe
Irrigated land
0 sq km (2022)
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Damiano BELEFFI (since 21 July 2017)
chancery: 327 E 50th Street, New York, NY 10022
telephone: [1] (212) 751-1234
FAX: [1] (212) 751-1436
email address and website:
smrassistant@gmail.com
Republic of San Marino Permanent Mission to the United Nations
chancery: 327 E 50th Street, New York, NY 10022
telephone: [1] (212) 751-1234
FAX: [1] (212) 751-1436
email address and website:
smrassistant@gmail.com
Republic of San Marino Permanent Mission to the United Nations
Internet country code
.sm
GDP (official exchange rate)
$1.855 billion (2021 est.)
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Credit ratings
Fitch rating: BB+ (2020)
note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained.
note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained.
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 12 years
male: 13 years
female: 12 years (2021)
male: 13 years
female: 12 years (2021)
Urbanization
urban population: 97.8% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Broadcast media
state-owned public broadcaster operates 1 TV station and 3 radio stations; receives radio and TV broadcasts from Italy (2019)
National anthem
name: "Inno Nazionale della Repubblica" (National Anthem of the Republic)
lyrics/music: no lyrics/Federico CONSOLO
note: adopted 1894; the music for the lyric-less anthem is based on a 10th century chorale piece
lyrics/music: no lyrics/Federico CONSOLO
note: adopted 1894; the music for the lyric-less anthem is based on a 10th century chorale piece
Major urban areas - population
4,000 SAN MARINO (2018)
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Physicians density
6.11 physicians/1,000 population (2014)
Hospital bed density
3.8 beds/1,000 population (2012)
National symbol(s)
three peaks each displaying a tower; national colors: white, blue
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption: (2011 est.) NA
government consumption: (2011 est.) NA
investment in fixed capital: (2011 est.) NA
investment in inventories: (2011 est.) NA
exports of goods and services: 176.6% (2011)
imports of goods and services: -153.3% (2011)
government consumption: (2011 est.) NA
investment in fixed capital: (2011 est.) NA
investment in inventories: (2011 est.) NA
exports of goods and services: 176.6% (2011)
imports of goods and services: -153.3% (2011)
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of San Marino
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 30 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of San Marino
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 30 years
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2021)
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
T7
Ethnic groups
Sammarinese, Italian
Religions
Roman Catholic
Languages
Italian
major-language sample(s):
L'Almanacco dei fatti del mondo, l'indispensabile fonte per le informazioni di base. (Italian)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
L'Almanacco dei fatti del mondo, l'indispensabile fonte per le informazioni di base. (Italian)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Italian audio sample
Disputes - international
none identified
Elevation
highest point: Monte Titano 739 m
lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
Contraceptive prevalence rate
NA
Current health expenditure
8.7% of GDP (2020)
Literacy
total population: 99.9%
male: 99.9%
female: 99.9% (2018)
male: 99.9%
female: 99.9% (2018)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 49.6
youth dependency ratio: 19.6
elderly dependency ratio: 30
potential support ratio: 3.3 (2021)
youth dependency ratio: 19.6
elderly dependency ratio: 30
potential support ratio: 3.3 (2021)
Drinking water source
improved: urban: NA
rural: NA
total: 100% of population
unimproved: urban: NA
rural: NA
total: 0% of population (2020)
rural: NA
total: 100% of population
unimproved: urban: NA
rural: NA
total: 0% of population (2020)
Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: NA
rural: NA
total: 100% of population
unimproved: urban: NA
rural: NA
total: 0% of population (2020)
rural: NA
total: 100% of population
unimproved: urban: NA
rural: NA
total: 0% of population (2020)
Mother's mean age at first birth
31.9 years (2019)
Imports - partners
Germany 21%, Italy 13%, Poland 10%, France 7%, Spain 7%, Belgium 6%, Romania 6% (2019)
Exports - partners
Romania 10%, France 9%, Germany 8%, United States 8%, Austria 6%, Brazil 6%, Poland 6%, Russia 6%, (2019)
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually: 17,175 tons (2016 est.)
municipal solid waste recycled annually: 7,737 tons (2016 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 45.1% (2016 est.)
municipal solid waste recycled annually: 7,737 tons (2016 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 45.1% (2016 est.)
Air pollutants
particulate matter emissions: 9.85 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
methane emissions: 0.02 megatons (2020 est.)
methane emissions: 0.02 megatons (2020 est.)
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural)
selected World Heritage Site locales: San Marino Historic Center and Mount Titano
selected World Heritage Site locales: San Marino Historic Center and Mount Titano
Heliports
1 (2024)
Gross reproduction rate
0.73 (2023 est.)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
47.7% (2023 est.)
Remittances
1.13% of GDP (2021 est.)
1.15% of GDP (2020 est.)
1.08% of GDP (2019 est.)
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
1.15% of GDP (2020 est.)
1.08% of GDP (2019 est.)
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Labor force
21,960 (September 2013 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
total: 27.4% (2016 est.)
male: 21.4%
female: 36%
male: 21.4%
female: 36%
Net migration rate
5.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Median age
total: 45.9 years (2023 est.)
male: 44.4 years
female: 47.2 years
male: 44.4 years
female: 47.2 years
Debt - external
NA
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$716.066 million (2022 est.)
$954.383 million (2021 est.)
$781.674 million (2020 est.)
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
$954.383 million (2021 est.)
$781.674 million (2020 est.)
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Public debt
95.12% of GDP (2021 est.)
98.35% of GDP (2020 est.)
55.09% of GDP (2019 est.)
note: central government debt as a % of GDP
98.35% of GDP (2020 est.)
55.09% of GDP (2019 est.)
note: central government debt as a % of GDP
Total fertility rate
1.53 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate
8.1% (2017 est.)
8.6% (2016 est.)
8.6% (2016 est.)
Population
34,892 (2023 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-2.9% (of GDP) (2011 est.)
Internet users
total: 25,500 (2021 est.)
percent of population: 75% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 75% (2021 est.)
Area
total: 61 sq km
land: 61 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 61 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Taxes and other revenues
17.3% (of GDP) (2021 est.)
note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$2.079 billion (2021 est.)
$1.917 billion (2020 est.)
$2.053 billion (2019 est.)
note: data in 2017 dollars
$1.917 billion (2020 est.)
$2.053 billion (2019 est.)
note: data in 2017 dollars
Roadways
total: 292 km
paved: 292 km (2006)
paved: 292 km (2006)
Airports
1 (2024)
Infant mortality rate
total: 6.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)
male: 7.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.1 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.1 deaths/1,000 live births
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 41,000 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 122 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 122 (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
1.05% (2017 est.)
0.57% (2016 est.)
0.15% (2015 est.)
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
0.57% (2016 est.)
0.15% (2015 est.)
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Current account balance
$0 (2017 est.)
$0 (2016 est.)
$0 (2016 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$61,600 (2021 est.)
$56,400 (2020 est.)
$60,100 (2019 est.)
note: data in 2017 dollars
$56,400 (2020 est.)
$60,100 (2019 est.)
note: data in 2017 dollars
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 11,000 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 32 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 32 (2020 est.)
Death rate
8.8 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Birth rate
8.9 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
NA
Imports
$2.551 billion (2011 est.)
$2.132 billion (2010 est.)
$2.132 billion (2010 est.)
Exports
$3.827 billion (2011 est.)
$2.576 billion (2010 est.)
$2.576 billion (2010 est.)
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 16,000 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 48 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 48 (2022 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 84.1 years (2023 est.)
male: 81.5 years
female: 86.8 years
male: 81.5 years
female: 86.8 years
Real GDP growth rate
8.46% (2021 est.)
-6.65% (2020 est.)
2.07% (2019 est.)
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
-6.65% (2020 est.)
2.07% (2019 est.)
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Industrial production growth rate
11.57% (2021 est.)
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 0.1% (2009)
industry: 39.2% (2009)
services: 60.7% (2009)
industry: 39.2% (2009)
services: 60.7% (2009)
Revenue from forest resources
0% of GDP (2018 est.)
Education expenditures
3.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
Population growth rate
0.59% (2023 est.)